Understanding Criminology: Unveiling the Interplay between Crime and Society

Classical criminology, originating in the 18th century, is founded on the work of thinkers like Cesare Beccaria and Jeremy Bentham. It posits that individuals are rational actors who weigh the costs and benefits before committing a crime. According to this perspective, crime occurs when the perceived benefits outweigh the perceived costs. The classical school advocates for a legal system that is predictable, with proportionate punishments designed to deter criminal behaviour. It also emphasises the importance of legal rights and due process in the criminal justice system.